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Redesigns of two parks in Vienna suggested that the creation of multiple semi-enclosed play areas in a park could encourage equal use by boys and girls.
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Different landscaping and infrastructure may even affect children's rates of park usage according to gender. Walkers might feel unsafe on a mixed-use path that is dominated by fast-moving cyclists or horses. The design of a park may determine who is willing to use it. Specific features, such as riding trails, may be included to support specific activities. A park primarily intended for adults may feature walking paths and decorative landscaping. A park intended to provide recreation for children may include a playground.
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Park design is influenced by the intended purpose and audience, as well as by the available land features. Areas of outstanding natural beauty were also set aside as national parks to prevent them from being spoiled by uncontrolled development. Sporting activity came to be a major use for these urban parks. With the Industrial revolution parks took on a new meaning as areas set aside to preserve a sense of nature in the cities and towns. The most famous US example of a city park that evolved from this practice is the Boston Commons in Boston, Massachusetts (1634). As cities became crowded, private hunting grounds became places for the public.Įarly opportunities for the creation of urban parks in both Europe and the United States grew out of medieval practice to secure pasture lands within the safe confines of villages and towns. The French formal garden such as designed by André Le Nôtre at Versailles is an earlier and elaborate example. An aesthetic of landscape design began in these stately home parks where the natural landscape was enhanced by landscape architects such as Capability Brown and Humphry Repton. These may have served as hunting grounds but they also proclaimed the owner's wealth and status. These game preserves evolved into landscaped parks set around mansions and country houses from the sixteenth century onwards. It was strictly forbidden for commoners to hunt animals in these deer parks. They had walls or thick hedges around them to keep game animals (e.g., stags) in and people out. There are also amusement parks that have live shows, fairground rides, refreshments, and games of chance or skill.ĭepiction of a medieval hunting park from a 15th-century manuscriptĮnglish deer parks were used by the aristocracy in medieval times for game hunting. Large parks may have areas for canoeing and hiking in the warmer months and, in some northern hemisphere countries, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing in colder months. Large national and sub-national parks are typically overseen by a park ranger.
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rules against open fires or bringing in glass bottles). Many natural parks are protected by law, and users may have to follow restrictions (e.g. In many large parks, camping in tents is allowed with a permit. The largest parks can be vast natural areas of hundreds of thousands of square kilometers (or square miles), with abundant wildlife and natural features such as mountains and rivers. Urban parks often have benches for sitting and may contain picnic tables and barbecue grills. Some parks are built adjacent to bodies of water or watercourses and may comprise a beach or boat dock area. Many parks have trails for walking, biking and other activities. Many parks have fields for playing sports such as baseball and football, and paved areas for games such as basketball. Parks may consist of grassy areas, rocks, soil and trees, but may also contain buildings and other artifacts such as monuments, fountains or playground structures. State parks and provincial parks are administered by sub-national government states and agencies. National parks and country parks are green spaces used for recreation in the countryside. Urban parks are green spaces set aside for recreation inside towns and cities. A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats.